Most westerners still refer to the city as Calcutta, but Kolkata became the official name of India’s second largest city in 2001. This capital of West Bengal is an important military and commerical port but is also well known for as the intellectual and cultural capital of India. Believed by many to be the birthplace of modern literary and artistic thought in India, the city is proud of its philosophers, poets, artists, and writers, some of whom have earned Nobel Prizes for their work. Kolkata also offers gorgeous architecture, incredible food, great shopping, and many opportunities to soak in the arts, culture, and performing arts of the Bengali people.
When India gained independence from Great Britian in 1947, it began a slow restructuring of the various administrative and political states. As this reorganization has proceded, many of the cities and states within India have undergone name changes. In the last decade, most of the country’s largest cities have changed their name to reflect local language and population rather than the colonial names.
Both names, Kolkata and Calcutta, originated from Kalikata which was one of three villages in the area before the British arrived. Kalikata is itself a version of kalikshetra which means “Land of Kali” who is an important Hindu goddess. Others argue that the name derived from kilkila, which is a Bengali word meaning “flat area.” Another possibility is that the name is a combination of the words for “natural canal” (khal) and “dug” (katta). While some western media continue to use the name Calcutta, locals have always used the Kolkata pronounciation instead of the angelized version.
Visitors to Kolkata will enjoy a one-of-a-kind experience as they explore the city’s culture, food, and various attractions. There are a variety of lodgings available in the city, including a number of luxurious five star Kolkata hotels. And don’t forget to experience the incredible Bengali cuisine available everywhere from street vendors to world-class restaurants.
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